Log Message:
elixir: update to 1.16.0.

(5 test failures)

# Changelog for Elixir v1.16

## Code snippets in diagnostics

Elixir v1.15 introduced a new compiler diagnostic format and the ability to \ 
print multiple error diagnostics per compilation (in addition to multiple \ 
warnings).

With Elixir v1.16, we also include code snippets in exceptions and diagnostics \ 
raised by the compiler. For example, a syntax error now includes a pointer to \ 
where the error happened:

```
** (SyntaxError) invalid syntax found on lib/my_app.ex:1:17:
    error: syntax error before: '*'
    │
  1 │ [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, *]
    │                 ^
    │
    └─ lib/my_app.ex:1:17
```

For mismatched delimiters, it now shows both delimiters:

```
** (MismatchedDelimiterError) mismatched delimiter found on lib/my_app.ex:1:18:
    error: unexpected token: )
    │
  1 │ [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)
    │ │                └ mismatched closing delimiter (expected "]")
    │ └ unclosed delimiter
    │
    └─ lib/my_app.ex:1:18
```

For unclosed delimiters, it now shows where the unclosed delimiter starts:

```
** (TokenMissingError) token missing on lib/my_app:8:23:
    error: missing terminator: )
    │
  1 │ my_numbers = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
    │              └ unclosed delimiter
 ...
  8 │ IO.inspect(my_numbers)
    │                       └ missing closing delimiter (expected ")")
    │
    └─ lib/my_app:8:23
```

Errors and warnings diagnostics also include code snippets. When possible, we \ 
will show precise spans, such as on undefined variables:

```
  error: undefined variable "unknown_var"
  │
5 │     a - unknown_var
  │         ^^^^^^^^^^^
  │
  └─ lib/sample.ex:5:9: Sample.foo/1
```

Otherwise the whole line is underlined:

```
error: function names should start with lowercase characters or underscore, \ 
invalid name CamelCase
  │
3 │   def CamelCase do
  │   ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  │
  └─ lib/sample.ex:3
```

A huge thank you to Vinícius Müller for working on the new diagnostics.

## Revamped documentation

Elixir's Getting Started guides have been made part of the Elixir repository and \ 
incorporated into ExDoc. This was an opportunity to revisit and unify all \ 
official guides and references.

We have also incorporated and extended the work on [Understanding Code Smells in \ 
Elixir Functional \ 
Language](https://github.com/lucasvegi/Elixir-Code-Smells/blob/main/etc/2023-emse-code-smells-elixir.pdf), \ 
by Lucas Vegi and Marco Tulio Valente, from \ 
[ASERG/DCC/UFMG](http://aserg.labsoft.dcc.ufmg.br/), into the official document \ 
in the form of anti-patterns. The anti-patterns are divided into four \ 
categories: code-related, design-related, process-related, and meta-programming. \ 
Our goal is to give all developers examples of potential anti-patterns, with \ 
context and examples on how to improve their codebases.

Another [ExDoc](https://github.com/elixir-lang/ex_doc) feature we have \ 
incorporated in this release is the addition of cheatsheets, starting with [a \ 
cheatsheet for the Enum module](https://hexdocs.pm/elixir/main/enum-cheat.html). \ 
If you would like to contribute future cheatsheets to Elixir itself, feel free \ 
to start a discussion with an issue.

Finally, we have started enriching our documentation with \ 
[Mermaid.js](https://mermaid.js.org/) diagrams. You can find examples in the \ 
[GenServer](https://hexdocs.pm/elixir/main/GenServer.html) and \ 
[Supervisor](https://hexdocs.pm/elixir/main/Supervisor.html) docs.

## v1.16.0 (2023-12-22)

### 1. Enhancements

#### EEx

  * [EEx] Include relative file information in diagnostics

#### Elixir

  * [Code] Add `:emit_warnings` for `Code.string_to_quoted/2`
  * [Code] Automatically include columns in parsing options
  * [Code] Introduce `MismatchedDelimiterError` for handling mismatched \ 
delimiter exceptions
  * [Code.Fragment] Handle anonymous calls in fragments
  * [Code.Formatter] Trim trailing whitespace on heredocs with `\r\n`
  * [File] Add `:offset` option to `File.stream!/2`
  * [Kernel] Auto infer size of matched variable in bitstrings
  * [Kernel] Preserve column information when translating typespecs
  * [Kernel] Suggest module names based on suffix and casing errors when the \ 
module does not exist in `UndefinedFunctionError`
  * [Kernel.ParallelCompiler] Introduce `Kernel.ParallelCompiler.pmap/2` to \ 
compile multiple additional entries in parallel
  * [Kernel.SpecialForms] Warn if `True`/`False`/`Nil` are used as aliases and \ 
there is no such alias
  * [Macro] Add `Macro.compile_apply/4`
  * [Module] Add support for `@nifs` annotation from Erlang/OTP 25
  * [Module] Add support for missing `@dialyzer` configuration
  * [String] Update to Unicode 15.1.0
  * [String] Add `String.replace_invalid/2`
  * [Task] Add `:limit` option to `Task.yield_many/2`

#### Logger

  * [Logger] Add `Logger.levels/0`

#### Mix

  * [mix] Add `MIX_PROFILE` to profile a list of comma separated tasks
  * [mix archive.install] Support `--sparse` option
  * [mix compile.app] Warn if both `:applications` and `:extra_applications` are used
  * [mix compile.elixir] Pass original exception down to diagnostic `:details` \ 
when possible
  * [mix compile.elixir] Optimize scenario where there are thousands of files in \ 
`lib/` and one of them is changed
  * [mix deps.clean] Emit a warning instead of crashing when a dependency cannot \ 
be removed
  * [mix escript.install] Support `--sparse` option
  * [mix release] Include `include/` directory in releases
  * [mix test] Allow testing multiple file:line at once, such as `mix test \ 
test/foo_test.exs:13 test/bar_test.exs:27`

### 2. Bug fixes

#### Elixir

  * [Code] Keep quotes for atom keys in formatter
  * [Code.Fragment] Fix crash in `Code.Fragment.surround_context/2` when \ 
matching on `->`
  * [IO] Raise when using `IO.binwrite/2` on terminated device (mirroring \ 
`IO.write/2`)
  * [Kernel] Do not expand aliases recursively (the alias stored in Macro.Env is \ 
already expanded)
  * [Kernel] Ensure `dbg` module is a compile-time dependency
  * [Kernel] Warn when a private function or macro uses `unquote/1` and the \ 
function/macro itself is unused
  * [Kernel] Re-enabled compiler optimizations for top level functions in \ 
scripts (disabled in v1.14.0 but shouldn't impact most programs)
  * [Kernel] Do not define an alias for nested modules starting with `Elixir.` \ 
in their definition
  * [Kernel.ParallelCompiler] Consider a module has been defined in \ 
`@after_compile` callbacks to avoid deadlocks
  * [Macro] Address exception on `Macro.to_string/1` for certain ASTs
  * [Path] Lazily evaluate `File.cwd!/0` in `Path.expand/1` and `Path.absname/1`
  * [Path] Ensure `Path.relative_to/2` returns a relative path when the given \ 
argument does not share a common prefix with `cwd`

#### ExUnit

  * [ExUnit] Raise on incorrectly dedented doctests

#### IEx

  * [IEx.Pry] Fix prying functions with only literals in their body

#### Mix

  * [mix archive.install] Restore code paths after `mix archive.install`
  * [mix compile] Ensure files with duplicate modules are recompiled whenever \ 
any of the files change
  * [mix compile] Update Mix compiler diagnostics documentation and typespecs to \ 
match the Elixir compiler behaviour where both lines and columns start from one \ 
(before it inaccurately said that columns started from zero)
  * [mix escript.install] Restore code paths after `mix escript.install`

### 3. Soft deprecations (no warnings emitted)

#### Elixir

  * [File] Deprecate `File.stream!(file, options, line_or_bytes)` in favor of \ 
keeping the options as last argument, as in `File.stream!(file, line_or_bytes, \ 
options)`
  * [Kernel.ParallelCompiler] Deprecate `Kernel.ParallelCompiler.async/1` in \ 
favor of `Kernel.ParallelCompiler.pmap/2`
  * [Path] Deprecate `Path.safe_relative_to/2` in favor of `Path.safe_relative/2`

#### Mix

  * [mix compile] Returning a four-element tuple as a position in \ 
`Mix.Task.Compiler.Diagnostic`

### 4. Hard deprecations

#### Elixir

  * [Date] Deprecate inferring a range with negative step, call `Date.range/3` \ 
with a negative step instead
  * [Enum] Deprecate passing a range with negative step on `Enum.slice/2`, give \ 
`first..last//1` instead
  * [Kernel] `~R/.../` is deprecated in favor of `~r/.../`. This is because \ 
`~R/.../` still allowed escape codes, which did not fit the definition of \ 
uppercase sigils
  * [String] Deprecate passing a range with negative step on `String.slice/2`, \ 
give `first..last//1` instead

#### ExUnit

  * [ExUnit.Formatter] Deprecate `format_time/2`, use `format_times/1` instead

#### Mix

  * [mix compile.leex] Require `:leex` to be added as a compiler to run the \ 
`leex` compiler
  * [mix compile.yecc] Require `:yecc` to be added as a compiler to run the \ 
`yecc` compiler