Log message:
git: updated to 2.47.1

Git 2.47.1 Release Notes
========================

This is to flush accumulated fixes since 2.47.0 on the 'master'
front down to the maintenance track.

Fixes since Git 2.47
--------------------

 * Use after free and double freeing at the end in "git log -L... -p"
   had been identified and fixed.

 * On macOS, fsmonitor can fall into a race condition that results in
   a client waiting forever to be notified for an event that have
   already happened.  This problem has been corrected.

 * "git maintenance start" crashed due to an uninitialized variable
   reference, which has been corrected.

 * Fail gracefully instead of crashing when attempting to write the
   contents of a corrupt in-core index as a tree object.

 * A "git fetch" from the superproject going down to a submodule used
   a wrong remote when the default remote names are set differently
   between them.

 * The "gitk" project tree has been synchronized again with its new
   maintainer, Johannes Sixt.

Also contains minor documentation updates and code clean-ups.

Log message:
git: updated to 2.47.0

Git v2.47 Release Notes
=======================

UI, Workflows & Features
------------------------

 * Many Porcelain commands that internally use the merge machinery
   were taught to consistently honor the diff.algorithm configuration.

 * A few descriptions in "git show-ref -h" have been clarified.

 * A 'P' command to "git add -p" that passes the patch hunk to the
   pager has been added.

 * "git grep -W" omits blank lines that follow the found function at
   the end of the file, just like it omits blank lines before the next
   function.

 * The value of http.proxy can have "path" at the end for a socks
   proxy that listens to a unix-domain socket, but we started to
   discard it when we taught proxy auth code path to use the
   credential helpers, which has been corrected.

 * The code paths to compact multiple reftable files have been updated
   to correctly deal with multiple compaction triggering at the same
   time.

 * Support to specify ref backend for submodules has been enhanced.

 * "git svn" has been taught about svn:global-ignores property
   recent versions of Subversion has.

 * The default object hash and ref backend format used to be settable
   only with explicit command line option to "git init" and
   environment variables, but now they can be configured in the user's
   global and system wide configuration.

 * "git send-email" learned "--translate-aliases" option \ 
that reads
   addresses from the standard input and emits the result of applying
   aliases on them to the standard output.

 * 'git for-each-ref' learned a new "--format" atom to find the branch
   that the history leading to a given commit \ 
"%(is-base:<commit>)" is
   likely based on.

 * The command line prompt support used to be littered with bash-isms,
   which has been corrected to work with more shells.

 * Support for the RUNTIME_PREFIX feature has been added to z/OS port.

 * "git send-email" learned "--mailmap" option to allow \ 
rewriting the
   recipient addresses.

 * "git mergetool" learned to use VSCode as a merge backend.

 * "git pack-redundant" has been marked for removal in Git 3.0.

 * One-line messages to "die" and other helper functions will get LF
   added by these helper functions, but many existing messages had an
   unnecessary LF at the end, which have been corrected.

 * The "scalar clone" command learned the "--no-tags" option.

 * The environment GIT_ADVICE has been intentionally kept undocumented
   to discourage its use by interactive users.  Add documentation to
   help tool writers.

 * "git apply --3way" learned to take "--ours" and other options.

Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
--------------------------------------------------------------

 * A build tweak knob has been simplified by not setting the value
   that is already the default; another unused one has been removed.

 * A CI job that use clang-format to check coding style issues in new
   code has been added.

 * The reviewing guidelines document now explicitly encourages people
   to give positive reviews and how.

 * Test script linter has been updated to catch an attempt to use
   one-shot export construct "VAR=VAL func" for shell functions (which
   does not work for some shells) better.

 * Some project conventions have been added to CodingGuidelines.

 * In the refs subsystem, implicit reliance of the_repository has been
   eliminated; the repository associated with the ref store object is
   used instead.

 * Various tests in reftable library have been rewritten using the unit test
   framework.

 * A test that fails on an unusually slow machine was found, and made
   less likely to cause trouble by lengthening the expiry value it
   uses.

 * An existing test of hashmap API has been rewritten with the
   unit-test framework.

 * A policy document that describes platform support levels and
   expectation on platform stakeholders has been introduced.

 * The refs API has been taught to give symref target information to
   the users of ref iterators, allowing for-each-ref and friends to
   avoid an extra ref_resolve_* API call per a symbolic ref.

 * Unit-test framework has learned a simple control structure to allow
   embedding test statements in-line instead of having to create a new
   function to contain them.

 * Incremental updates of multi-pack index files is getting worked on.

 * Use of API functions that implicitly depend on the_repository
   object in the config subsystem has been rewritten to pass a
   repository object through the callchain.

 * Unused parameters have been either marked as UNUSED to squelch
   -Wunused warnings or dropped from many functions..

 * The code in the reftable library has been cleaned up by discarding
   unused "generic" interface.

 * The underlying machinery for "git diff-index" has long been made to
   expand the sparse index as needed, but the command fully expanded
   the sparse index upfront, which now has been taught not to do.

 * More trace2 events at key points on push and fetch code paths have
   been added.

 * Make our codebase compilable with the -Werror=unused-parameter
   option.

 * "git cat-file" works well with the sparse-index, and gets marked as
   such.

 * CI started failing completely for linux32 jobs, as the step to
   upload failed test directory uses GitHub actions that is deprecated
   and is now disabled.

 * Import clar unit tests framework libgit2 folks invented for our
   use.

 * The error messages from the test script checker have been improved.

 * The convention to calling into built-in command implementation has
   been updated to pass the repository, if known, together with the
   prefix value.

 * "git apply" had custom buffer management code that predated before
   use of strbuf got widespread, which has been updated to use strbuf,
   which also plugged some memory leaks.

 * The reftable backend learned to more efficiently handle exclude
   patterns while enumerating the refs.

 * CI updates.  FreeBSD image has been updated to 13.4.
   (merge 2eeb29702e cb/ci-freebsd-13-4 later to maint).

 * Give timeout to the locking code to write to reftable, instead of
   failing on the first failure without retrying.

 * The checksum at the tail of files are now computed without
   collision detection protection.  This is safe as the consumer of
   the information to protect itself from replay attacks checks for
   hash collisions independently.

Fixes since v2.46
-----------------

 * "git add -p" by users with diff.suppressBlankEmpty set to true
   failed to parse the patch that represents an unmodified empty line
   with an empty line (not a line with a single space on it), which
   has been corrected.

 * "git checkout --ours" (no other arguments) complained that the
   option is incompatible with branch switching, which is technically
   correct, but found confusing by some users.  It now says that the
   user needs to give pathspec to specify what paths to checkout.

 * It has been documented that we avoid "VAR=VAL shell_func" and why.

 * "git rebase --help" referred to "offset" (the difference \ 
between
   the location a change was taken from and the change gets replaced)
   incorrectly and called it "fuzz", which has been corrected.

 * "git notes add -m '' --allow-empty" and friends that take prepared
   data to create notes should not invoke an editor, but it started
   doing so since Git 2.42, which has been corrected.

 * An expensive operation to prepare tracing was done in re-encoding
   code path even when the tracing was not requested, which has been
   corrected.

 * More leakfixes.

 * The credential helper to talk to OSX keychain sometimes sent
   garbage bytes after the username, which has been corrected.

 * A recent update broke "git ls-remote" used outside a repository,
   which has been corrected.

 * The patch parser in 'git apply' has been a bit more lenient against
   unexpected mode bits, like 100664, recorded on extended header lines.

 * "git config --value=foo --fixed-value section.key newvalue" barfed
   when the existing value in the configuration file used the
   valueless true syntax, which has been corrected.

 * The patch parser in "git patch-id" has been tightened to avoid
   getting confused by lines that look like a patch header in the log
   message.

 * "git reflog expire" failed to honor annotated tags when computing
   reachable commits.

 * A flakey test and incorrect calls to strtoX() functions have been
   fixed.

 * Follow-up on 2.45.1 regression fix.

 * "git rev-list ... | git diff-tree -p --remerge-diff --stdin" should
   behave more or less like "git log -p --remerge-diff" but instead it
   crashed, forgetting to prepare a temporary object store needed.

 * "git bundle unbundle" outside a repository triggered a BUG()
   unnecessarily, which has been corrected.

 * Maintenance tasks other than "gc" now properly go background when
   "git maintenance" runs them.

 * We created a useless pseudo-merge reachability bitmap that is about
   0 commits, and attempted to include commits that are not in packs,
   which made no sense.  These bugs have been corrected.
   (merge a72dfab8b8 tb/pseudo-merge-bitmap-fixes later to maint).

 * "git rebase -x --quiet" was not quiet, which was corrected.

 * The code path for compacting reftable files saw some bugfixes
   against concurrent operation.

 * The code forgot to discard unnecessary in-core commit buffer data
   for commits that "git log --skip=<number>" traversed but omitted
   from the output, which has been corrected.

 * "git verify-pack" and "git index-pack" started dying outside a
   repository, which has been corrected.

 * A data corruption bug when multi-pack-index is used and the same
   objects are stored in multiple packfiles has been corrected.

 * "git pack-refs --auto" for the files backend was too aggressive,
   which has been a bit tamed.
   (merge c3459ae9ef ps/pack-refs-auto-heuristics later to maint).

 * A file descriptor left open is now properly closed when "git
   sparse-checkout" updates the sparse patterns.

 * In a few corner cases "git diff --exit-code" failed to report
   "changes" (e.g., renamed without any content change), which has
   been corrected.

 * Cygwin does have /dev/tty support that is needed by things like
   single-key input mode.

 * The interpret-trailers command failed to recognise the end of the
   message when the commit log ends in an incomplete line.

 * "git rebase --autostash" failed to resurrect the autostashed
   changes when the command gets aborted after giving back control
   asking for hlep in conflict resolution.
   (merge bf6ab087d1 pw/rebase-autostash-fix later to maint).

 * The "imap-send" now allows to be compiled with NO_OPENSSL and
   OPENSSL_SHA1 defined together.
   (merge 997950a750 jk/no-openssl-with-openssl-sha1 later to maint).

 * The support to customize build options to adjust for older versions
   and/or older systems for the interop tests has been improved.
   (merge 22ef5f02a8 jk/interop-test-build-options later to maint).

 * Update the character width table for Unicode 16.
   (merge 44dc651132 bb/unicode-width-table-16 later to maint).

 * In Git 2.39, Git.pm stopped working in a bare repository, which has
   been corrected.
   (merge d3edb0bdde jk/git-pm-bare-repo-fix later to maint).

 * When a remote-helper dies before Git writes to it, SIGPIPE killed
   Git silently.  We now explain the situation a bit better to the end
   user in our error message.
   (merge 6e7fac9bca jk/diag-unexpected-remote-helper-death later to maint).

 * A few usability fixes to "git jump" (in contrib/).
   (merge 083b82544d jk/jump-quickfix-fixes later to maint).

 * "git diff --exit-code" ignored modified binary files, which has
   been corrected.
   (merge 9a41735af6 rs/diff-exit-code-binary later to maint).

 * When a subprocess to work in a submodule spawned by "git submodule"
   fails with SIGPIPE, the parent Git process caught the death of it,
   but gave a generic "failed to work in that submodule", which was
   misleading.  We now behave as if the parent got SIGPIPE and die.
   (merge 082caf527e pw/submodule-process-sigpipe later to maint).

 * "git archive" with pathspec magic that uses the attribute
   information did not work well, which has been corrected.
   (merge 296743a7ca rs/archive-with-attr-pathspec-fix later to maint).

 * Background tasks "git maintenance" runs may need to use credential
   information when going over the network, but a credential helper
   may work only in an interactive environment, and end up blocking a
   scheduled task waiting for UI.  Credential helpers can now behave
   differently when they are not running interactively.
   (merge b9183b0a02 ds/background-maintenance-with-credential later to maint).

 * "git --git-dir=nowhere cmd" failed to properly notice that it
   wasn't in any repository while processing includeIf.onbranch
   configuration and instead crashed.

 * When "git sparse-checkout disable" turns a sparse checkout into a
   regular checkout, the index is fully expanded.  This totally
   expected behaviour however had an "oops, we are expanding the
   index" advice message, which has been corrected.
   (merge 537e516a39 ds/sparse-checkout-expansion-advice later to maint).

 * macOS with fsmonitor daemon can hang forever when a submodule is
   involved, which has been corrected.

 * Other code cleanup, docfix, build fix, etc.
   (merge be10ac7037 jc/mailinfo-header-cleanup later to maint).
   (merge 4460e052e0 jc/range-diff-lazy-setup later to maint).
   (merge 0627c58e7a ak/typofixes later to maint).
   (merge 83799f1500 jk/t9001-deflake later to maint).
   (merge e02cc08a88 ak/typofix-2.46-maint later to maint).
   (merge 5c5d29e1c4 ps/ci-gitlab-upgrade later to maint).
   (merge 9c4c840901 jc/doc-discarding-stalled-topics later to maint).
   (merge 5e6f359f6b ds/read-cache-mempool-leakfix later to maint).

Log message:
git: updated to 2.46.2

Git 2.46.2 Release Notes
========================

This release is primarily to merge changes to unbreak the 32-bit
GitHub actions jobs we use for CI testing, so that we can release
real fixes for the 2.46.x track after they pass CI.

It also reverts the "git patch-id" change that went into 2.46.1,
as it seems to have got a regression reported (I haven't verified,
but it is better to keep a known breakage than adding an unintended
regression).

Other than that, a handful of minor bugfixes are included.

 * In a few corner cases "git diff --exit-code" failed to report
   "changes" (e.g., renamed without any content change), which has
   been corrected.

 * Cygwin does have /dev/tty support that is needed by things like
   single-key input mode.

 * The interpret-trailers command failed to recognise the end of the
   message when the commit log ends in an incomplete line.

Log message:
git: updated to 2.46.1

Git 2.46.1 Release Notes
========================

This release is primarily to merge fixes accumulated on the 'master'
front to prepare for 2.47 release that are still relevant to 2.46.x
maintenance track.

Fixes since Git 2.46
--------------------

 * "git checkout --ours" (no other arguments) complained that the
   option is incompatible with branch switching, which is technically
   correct, but found confusing by some users.  It now says that the
   user needs to give pathspec to specify what paths to checkout.

 * It has been documented that we avoid "VAR=VAL shell_func" and why.

 * "git add -p" by users with diff.suppressBlankEmpty set to true
   failed to parse the patch that represents an unmodified empty line
   with an empty line (not a line with a single space on it), which
   has been corrected.

 * "git rebase --help" referred to "offset" (the difference \ 
between
   the location a change was taken from and the change gets replaced)
   incorrectly and called it "fuzz", which has been corrected.

 * "git notes add -m '' --allow-empty" and friends that take prepared
   data to create notes should not invoke an editor, but it started
   doing so since Git 2.42, which has been corrected.

 * An expensive operation to prepare tracing was done in re-encoding
   code path even when the tracing was not requested, which has been
   corrected.

 * Perforce tests have been updated.

 * The credential helper to talk to OSX keychain sometimes sent
   garbage bytes after the username, which has been corrected.

 * A recent update broke "git ls-remote" used outside a repository,
   which has been corrected.

 * "git config --value=foo --fixed-value section.key newvalue" barfed
   when the existing value in the configuration file used the
   valueless true syntax, which has been corrected.

 * "git reflog expire" failed to honor annotated tags when computing
   reachable commits.

 * A flakey test and incorrect calls to strtoX() functions have been
   fixed.

 * Follow-up on 2.45.1 regression fix.

 * "git rev-list ... | git diff-tree -p --remerge-diff --stdin" should
   behave more or less like "git log -p --remerge-diff" but instead it
   crashed, forgetting to prepare a temporary object store needed.

 * The patch parser in "git patch-id" has been tightened to avoid
   getting confused by lines that look like a patch header in the log
   message.

 * "git bundle unbundle" outside a repository triggered a BUG()
   unnecessarily, which has been corrected.

 * The code forgot to discard unnecessary in-core commit buffer data
   for commits that "git log --skip=<number>" traversed but omitted
   from the output, which has been corrected.

 * "git verify-pack" and "git index-pack" started dying outside a
   repository, which has been corrected.

 * A corner case bug in "git stash" was fixed.

Also contains minor documentation updates and code clean-ups.

Log message:
git: updated to 2.46.0

Git v2.46 Release Notes
=======================

UI, Workflows & Features

 * The "--rfc" option of "git format-patch" learned to take an
   optional string value to be used in place of "RFC" to tweak the
   "[PATCH]" on the subject header.

 * The credential helper protocol, together with the HTTP layer, have
   been enhanced to support authentication schemes different from
   username & password pair, like Bearer and NTLM.

 * Command line completion script (in contrib/) learned to complete
   "git symbolic-ref" a bit better (you need to enable plumbing
   commands to be completed with GIT_COMPLETION_SHOW_ALL_COMMANDS).

 * When the user responds to a prompt given by "git add -p" with an
   unsupported command, list of available commands were given, which
   was too much if the user knew what they wanted to type but merely
   made a typo.  Now the user gets a much shorter error message.

 * The color parsing code learned to handle 12-bit RGB colors, spelled
   as "#RGB" (in addition to "#RRGGBB" that is already \ 
supported).

 * The operation mode options (like "--get") the "git \ 
config" command
   uses have been deprecated and replaced with subcommands (like "git
   config get").

 * "git tag" learned the "--trailer" option to futz with the \ 
trailers
   in the same way as "git commit" does.

 * A new global "--no-advice" option can be used to disable all advice
   messages, which is meant to be used only in scripts.

 * Updates to symbolic refs can now be made as a part of ref
   transaction.

 * The trailer API has been reshuffled a bit.

 * Terminology to call various ref-like things are getting
   straightened out.

 * The command line completion script (in contrib/) has been adjusted
   to the recent update to "git config" that adopted subcommand based
   UI.

 * The knobs to tweak how reftable files are written have been made
   available as configuration variables.

 * When "git push" notices that the commit at the tip of the ref on
   the other side it is about to overwrite does not exist locally, it
   used to first try fetching it if the local repository is a partial
   clone. The command has been taught not to do so and immediately
   fail instead.

 * The promisor.quiet configuration knob can be set to true to make
   lazy fetching from promisor remotes silent.

 * The inter/range-diff output has been moved to the end of the patch
   when format-patch adds it to a single patch, instead of writing it
   before the patch text, to be consistent with what is done for a
   cover letter for a multi-patch series.

 * A new command has been added to migrate a repository that uses the
   files backend for its ref storage to use the reftable backend, with
   limitations.

 * "git diff --exit-code --ext-diff" learned to take the exit status
   of the external diff driver into account when deciding the exit
   status of the overall "git diff" invocation when configured to do
   so.

 * "git update-ref --stdin" learned to handle transactional updates of
   symbolic-refs.

 * "git format-patch --interdiff" for multi-patch series learned to
   turn on cover letters automatically (unless told never to enable
   cover letter with "--no-cover-letter" and such).

 * The "--heads" option of "ls-remote" and \ 
"show-ref" has been been
   deprecated; "--branches" replaces "--heads".

 * For over a year, setting add.interactive.useBuiltin configuration
   variable did nothing but giving a "this does not do anything"
   warning.  The warning has been removed.

 * The http transport can now be told to send request with
   authentication material without first getting a 401 response.

 * A handful of entries are added to the GitFAQ document.

 * "git var GIT_SHELL_PATH" should report the path to the shell used
   to spawn external commands, but it didn't do so on Windows, which
   has been corrected.

Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.

 * Advertise "git contacts", a tool for newcomers to find people to
   ask review for their patches, a bit more in our developer
   documentation.

 * In addition to building the objects needed, try to link the objects
   that are used in fuzzer tests, to make sure at least they build
   without bitrot, in Linux CI runs.

 * Code to write out reftable has seen some optimization and
   simplification.

 * Tests to ensure interoperability between reftable written by jgit
   and our code have been added and enabled in CI.

 * The singleton index_state instance "the_index" has been eliminated
   by always instantiating "the_repository" and replacing references
   to "the_index"  with references to its .index member.

 * Git-GUI has a new maintainer, Johannes Sixt.

 * The "test-tool" has been taught to run testsuite tests in parallel,
   bypassing the need to use the "prove" tool.

 * The "whitespace check" task that was enabled for GitHub Actions CI
   has been ported to GitLab CI.

 * The refs API lost functions that implicitly assumes to work on the
   primary ref_store by forcing the callers to pass a ref_store as an
   argument.

 * Code clean-up to reduce inter-function communication inside
   builtin/config.c done via the use of global variables.

 * The pack bitmap code saw some clean-up to prepare for a follow-up topic.

 * Preliminary code clean-up for "git send-email".

 * The default "creation-factor" used by "git format-patch" \ 
has been
   raised to make it more aggressively find matching commits.

 * Before discovering the repository details, We used to assume SHA-1
   as the "default" hash function, which has been corrected. Hopefully
   this will smoke out codepaths that rely on such an unwarranted
   assumptions.

 * The project decision making policy has been documented.

 * The strcmp-offset tests have been rewritten using the unit test
   framework.

 * "git add -p" learned to complain when an answer with more than one
   letter is given to a prompt that expects a single letter answer.

 * The alias-expanded command lines are logged to the trace output.

 * A new test was added to ensure git commands that are designed to
   run outside repositories do work.

 * A few tests in reftable library have been rewritten using the
   unit test framework.

 * A pair of test helpers that essentially are unit tests on hash
   algorithms have been rewritten using the unit-tests framework.

 * A test helper that essentially is unit tests on the "decorate"
   logic has been rewritten using the unit-tests framework.

 * Many memory leaks in the sparse-checkout code paths have been
   plugged.

 * "make check-docs" noticed problems and reported to its output but
   failed to signal its findings with its exit status, which has been
   corrected.

 * Building with "-Werror -Wwrite-strings" is now supported.

 * To help developers, the build procedure now allows builders to use
   CFLAGS_APPEND to specify additional CFLAGS.

 * "oidtree" tests were rewritten to use the unit test framework.

 * The structure of the document that records longer-term project
   decisions to deprecate/remove/update various behaviour has been
   outlined.

 * The pseudo-merge reachability bitmap to help more efficient storage
   of the reachability bitmap in a repository with too many refs has
   been added.

 * When "git merge" sees that the index cannot be refreshed (e.g. due
   to another process doing the same in the background), it died but
   after writing MERGE_HEAD etc. files, which was useless for the
   purpose to recover from the failure.

 * The output from "git cat-file --batch-check" and "--batch-command
   (info)" should not be unbuffered, for which some tests have been
   added.

 * A CPP macro USE_THE_REPOSITORY_VARIABLE is introduced to help
   transition the codebase to rely less on the availability of the
   singleton the_repository instance.

 * "git version --build-options" reports the version information of
   OpenSSL and other libraries (if used) in the build.

 * Memory ownership rules for the in-core representation of
   remote.*.url configuration values have been straightened out, which
   resulted in a few leak fixes and code clarification.

 * When bundleURI interface fetches multiple bundles, Git failed to
   take full advantage of all bundles and ended up slurping duplicated
   objects, which has been corrected.

 * The code to deal with modified paths that are out-of-cone in a
   sparsely checked out working tree has been optimized.

 * An existing test of oidmap API has been rewritten with the
   unit-test framework.

 * The "ort" merge backend saw one bugfix for a crash that happens
   when inner merge gets killed, and assorted code clean-ups.

 * A new warning message is issued when a command has to expand a
   sparse index to handle working tree cruft that are outside of the
   sparse checkout.

 * The test framework learned to take the test body not as a single
   string but as a here-document.

 * "git push '' HEAD:there" used to hit a BUG(); it has been corrected
   to die with "fatal: bad repository ''".

 * What happens when http.cookieFile gets the special value "" has
   been clarified in the documentation.

Fixes since v2.45
-----------------

 * "git rebase --signoff" used to forget that it needs to add a
   sign-off to the resulting commit when told to continue after a
   conflict stops its operation.

 * The procedure to build multi-pack-index got confused by the
   replace-refs mechanism, which has been corrected by disabling the
   latter.

 * The "-k" and "--rfc" options of "format-patch" \ 
will now error out
   when used together, as one tells us not to add anything to the
   title of the commit, and the other one tells us to add "RFC" in
   addition to "PATCH".

 * "git stash -S" did not handle binary files correctly, which has
   been corrected.

 * A scheduled "git maintenance" job is expected to work on all
   repositories it knows about, but it stopped at the first one that
   errored out.  Now it keeps going.

 * zsh can pretend to be a normal shell pretty well except for some
   glitches that we tickle in some of our scripts. Work them around
   so that "vimdiff" and our test suite works well enough with it.

 * Command line completion support for zsh (in contrib/) has been
   updated to stop exposing internal state to end-user shell
   interaction.

 * Tests that try to corrupt in-repository files in chunked format did
   not work well on macOS due to its broken "mv", which has been
   worked around.

 * The maximum size of attribute files is enforced more consistently.

 * Unbreak CI jobs so that we do not attempt to use Python 2 that has
   been removed from the platform.

 * Git 2.43 started using the tree of HEAD as the source of attributes
   in a bare repository, which has severe performance implications.
   For now, revert the change, without ripping out a more explicit
   support for the attr.tree configuration variable.

 * The "--exit-code" option of "git diff" command learned to \ 
work with
   the "--ext-diff" option.

 * Windows CI running in GitHub Actions started complaining about the
   order of arguments given to calloc(); the imported regex code uses
   the wrong order almost consistently, which has been corrected.

 * Expose "name conflict" error when a ref creation fails due to D/F
   conflict in the ref namespace, to improve an error message given by
   "git fetch".
   (merge 9339fca23e it/refs-name-conflict later to maint).

 * The SubmittingPatches document now refers folks to manpages
   translation project.

 * The documentation for "git diff --name-only" has been clarified
   that it is about showing the names in the post-image tree.

 * The credential helper that talks with osx keychain learned to avoid
   storing back the authentication material it just got received from
   the keychain.
   (merge e1ab45b2da kn/osxkeychain-skip-idempotent-store later to maint).

 * The chainlint script (invoked during "make test") did nothing when
   it failed to detect the number of available CPUs.  It now falls
   back to 1 CPU to avoid the problem.

 * Revert overly aggressive "layered defence" that went into 2.45.1
   and friends, which broke "git-lfs", "git-annex", and other use
   cases, so that we can rebuild necessary counterparts in the open.

 * "git init" in an already created directory, when the user
   configuration has includeif.onbranch, started to fail recently,
   which has been corrected.

 * Memory leaks in "git mv" has been plugged.

 * The safe.directory configuration knob has been updated to
   optionally allow leading path matches.

 * An overly large ".gitignore" files are now rejected silently.

 * Upon expiration event, the credential subsystem forgot to clear
   in-core authentication material other than password (whose support
   was added recently), which has been corrected.

 * Fix for an embarrassing typo that prevented Python2 tests from running
   anywhere.

 * Varargs functions that are unannotated as printf-like or execl-like
   have been annotated as such.

 * "git am" has a safety feature to prevent it from starting a new
   session when there already is a session going.  It reliably
   triggers when a mbox is given on the command line, but it has to
   rely on the tty-ness of the standard input.  Add an explicit way to
   opt out of this safety with a command line option.
   (merge 62c71ace44 jk/am-retry later to maint).

 * A leak in "git imap-send" that somehow escapes LSan has been
   plugged.

 * Setting core.abbrev too early before the repository set-up
   (typically in "git clone") caused segfault, which as been
   corrected.

 * When the user adds to "git rebase -i" instruction to \ 
"pick" a merge
   commit, the error experience is not pleasant.  Such an error is now
   caught earlier in the process that parses the todo list.

 * We forgot to normalize the result of getcwd() to NFC on macOS where
   all other paths are normalized, which has been corrected.  This still
   does not address the case where core.precomposeUnicode configuration
   is not defined globally.

 * Earlier we stopped using the tree of HEAD as the default source of
   attributes in a bare repository, but failed to document it.  This
   has been corrected.

 * "git update-server-info" and "git commit-graph --write" \ 
have been
   updated to use the tempfile API to avoid leaving cruft after
   failing.

 * An unused extern declaration for mingw has been removed to prevent
   it from causing build failure.

 * A helper function shared between two tests had a copy-paste bug,
   which has been corrected.

 * "git fetch-pack -k -k" without passing "--lock-pack" (which we
   never do ourselves) did not work at all, which has been corrected.

 * CI job to build minimum fuzzers learned to pass NO_CURL=NoThanks to
   the build procedure, as its build environment does not offer, or
   the rest of the build needs, anything cURL.
   (merge 4e66b5a990 jc/fuzz-sans-curl later to maint).

 * "git diff --no-ext-diff" when diff.external is configured ignored
   the "--color-moved" option.
   (merge 0f4b0d4cf0 rs/diff-color-moved-w-no-ext-diff-fix later to maint).

 * "git archive --add-virtual-file=<path>:<contents>" \ 
never paid
   attention to the --prefix=<prefix> option but the documentation
   said it would. The documentation has been corrected.
   (merge 72c282098d jc/archive-prefix-with-add-virtual-file later to maint).

 * When GIT_PAGER failed to spawn, depending on the code path taken,
   we failed immediately (correct) or just spew the payload to the
   standard output (incorrect).  The code now always fail immediately
   when GIT_PAGER fails.
   (merge 78f0a5d187 rj/pager-die-upon-exec-failure later to maint).

 * date parser updates to be more careful about underflowing epoch
   based timestamp.
   (merge 9d69789770 db/date-underflow-fix later to maint).

 * The Bloom filter used for path limited history traversal was broken
   on systems whose "char" is unsigned; update the implementation and
   bump the format version to 2.
   (merge 9c8a9ec787 tb/path-filter-fix later to maint).

 * Typofix.
   (merge 231cf7370e as/pathspec-h-typofix later to maint).

 * Code clean-up.
   (merge 4b837f821e rs/simplify-submodule-helper-super-prefix-invocation later \ 
to maint).

 * "git describe --dirty --broken" forgot to refresh the index before
   seeing if there is any chang, ("git describe --dirty" correctly did
   so), which has been corrected.
   (merge b8ae42e292 as/describe-broken-refresh-index-fix later to maint).

 * Test suite has been taught not to unnecessarily rely on DNS failing
   a bogus external name.
   (merge 407cdbd271 jk/tests-without-dns later to maint).

 * GitWeb update to use committer date consistently in rss/atom feeds.
   (merge cf6ead095b am/gitweb-feed-use-committer-date later to maint).

 * Custom control structures we invented more recently have been
   taught to the clang-format file.
   (merge 1457dff9be rs/clang-format-updates later to maint).

 * Developer build procedure fix.
   (merge df32729866 tb/dev-build-pedantic-fix later to maint).

 * "git push" that pushes only deletion gave an unnecessary and
   harmless error message when push negotiation is configured, which
   has been corrected.
   (merge 4d8ee0317f jc/disable-push-nego-for-deletion later to maint).

 * Address-looking strings found on the trailer are now placed on the
   Cc: list after running through sanitize_address by "git send-email".
   (merge c852531f45 cb/send-email-sanitize-trailer-addresses later to maint).

 * Tests that use GIT_TEST_SANITIZE_LEAK_LOG feature got their exit
   status inverted, which has been corrected.
   (merge 8c1d6691bc rj/test-sanitize-leak-log-fix later to maint).

 * The http.cookieFile and http.saveCookies configuration variables
   have a few values that need to be avoided, which are now ignored
   with warning messages.
   (merge 4f5822076f jc/http-cookiefile later to maint).

 * Repacking a repository with multi-pack index started making stupid
   pack selections in Git 2.45, which has been corrected.
   (merge 8fb6d11fad ds/midx-write-repack-fix later to maint).

 * Fix documentation mark-up regression in 2.45.
   (merge 6474da0aa4 ja/doc-markup-updates-fix later to maint).

 * Work around asciidoctor's css that renders `monospace` material
   in the SYNOPSIS section of manual pages as block elements.
   (merge d44ce6ddd5 js/doc-markup-updates-fix later to maint).

 * Other code cleanup, docfix, build fix, etc.
   (merge 493fdae046 ew/object-convert-leakfix later to maint).
   (merge 00f3661a0a ss/doc-eol-attr-fix later to maint).
   (merge 428c40da61 ri/doc-show-branch-fix later to maint).
   (merge 58696bfcaa jc/where-is-bash-for-ci later to maint).
   (merge 616e94ca24 tb/doc-max-tree-depth-fix later to maint).

Log message:
git: updated to 2.45.2

Git v2.45.2 Release Notes
=========================

In preparing security fixes for four CVEs, we made overly aggressive
"defense in depth" changes that broke legitimate use cases like 'git
lfs' and 'git annex.'  This release is to revert these misguided, if
well-intentioned, changes that were shipped in 2.45.1 and were not
direct security fixes.

Jeff King (5):
      send-email: drop FakeTerm hack
      send-email: avoid creating more than one Term::ReadLine object
      ci: drop mention of BREW_INSTALL_PACKAGES variable
      ci: avoid bare "gcc" for osx-gcc job
      ci: stop installing "gcc-13" for osx-gcc

Johannes Schindelin (6):
      hook: plug a new memory leak
      init: use the correct path of the templates directory again
      Revert "core.hooksPath: add some protection while cloning"
      tests: verify that `clone -c core.hooksPath=/dev/null` works again
      clone: drop the protections where hooks aren't run
      Revert "Add a helper function to compare file contents"

Junio C Hamano (1):
      Revert "fsck: warn about symlink pointing inside a gitdir"

Log message:
git: updated to 2.45.1

Git v2.45.1 Release Notes
=========================

This release merges up the fix that appears in v2.39.4,
v2.40.2, v2.41.1, v2.42.2, v2.43.4 and v2.44.1 to address the
security issues CVE-2024-32002, CVE-2024-32004, CVE-2024-32020,
CVE-2024-32021 and CVE-2024-32465; see the release notes for
these versions for details.

Log message:
git: updated to 2.45.0

Git v2.45 Release Notes
=======================

Backward Compatibility Notes

UI, Workflows & Features

 * Integrate the reftable code into the refs framework as a backend.
   With "git init --ref-format=reftable", hopefully it would be a lot
   more efficient to manage a repository with many references.

 * "git checkout -p" and friends learned that that "@" is a \ 
synonym
   for "HEAD".

 * Variants of vimdiff learned to honor mergetool.<variant>.layout
   settings.

 * "git reflog" learned a "list" subcommand that enumerates \ 
known reflogs.

 * When a merge conflicted at a submodule, merge-ort backend used to
   unconditionally give a lengthy message to suggest how to resolve
   it.  Now the message can be squelched as an advice message.

 * "git for-each-ref" learned "--include-root-refs" option \ 
to show
   even the stuff outside the 'refs/' hierarchy.

 * "git rev-list --missing=print" has learned to optionally take
   "--allow-missing-tips", which allows the objects at the starting
   points to be missing.

 * "git merge-tree" has learned that the three trees involved in the
   3-way merge only need to be trees, not necessarily commits.

 * "git log --merge" learned to pay attention to CHERRY_PICK_HEAD and
   other kinds of *_HEAD pseudorefs.

 * Platform specific tweaks for OS/390 has been added to
   config.mak.uname.

 * Users with safe.bareRepository=explicit can still work from within
   $GIT_DIR of a seconary worktree (which resides at .git/worktrees/$name/)
   of the primary worktree without explicitly specifying the $GIT_DIR
   environment variable or the --git-dir=<path> option.

 * The output format for dates "iso-strict" has been tweaked to show
   a time in the Zulu timezone with "Z" suffix, instead of \ 
"+00:00".

 * "git diff" and friends learned two extra configuration variables,
   diff.srcPrefix and diff.dstPrefix.

 * The status.showUntrackedFiles configuration variable had a name
   that tempts users to set a Boolean value expressed in our usual
   "false", "off", and "0", but it only took \ 
"no".  This has been
   corrected so "true" and its synonyms are taken as \ 
"normal", while
   "false" and its synonyms are taken as "no".

 * Remove an ancient and not well maintained Hg-to-git migration
   script from contrib/.

 * Hints that suggest what to do after resolving conflicts can now be
   squelched by disabling advice.mergeConflict.

 * Allow git-cherry-pick(1) to automatically drop redundant commits via
   a new `--empty` option, similar to the `--empty` options for
   git-rebase(1) and git-am(1). Includes a soft deprecation of
   `--keep-redundant-commits` as well as some related docs changes and
   sequencer code cleanup.

 * "git config" learned "--comment=<message>" option \ 
to leave a
   comment immediately after the "variable = value" on the same line
   in the configuration file.

 * core.commentChar used to be limited to a single byte, but has been
   updated to allow an arbitrary multi-byte sequence.

 * "git add -p" and other "interactive hunk selection" UI \ 
has learned to
   skip showing the hunk immediately after it has already been shown, and
   an additional action to explicitly ask to reshow the current hunk.

 * "git pack-refs" learned the "--auto" option, which defers \ 
the decision of
   whether and how to pack to the ref backend. This is used by the reftable
   backend to avoid repacking of an already-optimal ref database. The new mode
   is triggered from "git gc --auto".

 * "git add -u <pathspec>" and "git commit [-i] \ 
<pathspec>" did not
   diagnose a pathspec element that did not match any files in certain
   situations, unlike "git add <pathspec>" did.

 * The userdiff patterns for C# has been updated.

 * Git writes a "waiting for your editor" message on an incomplete
   line after launching an editor, and then append another error
   message on the same line if the editor errors out.  It now clears
   the "waiting for..." line before giving the error message.

 * The filename used for rejected hunks "git apply --reject" creates
   was limited to PATH_MAX, which has been lifted.

 * When "git bisect" reports the commit it determined to be the
   culprit, we used to show it in a format that does not honor common
   UI tweaks, like log.date and log.decorate.  The code has been
   taught to use "git show" to follow more customizations.

Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.

 * The code to iterate over refs with the reftable backend has seen
   some optimization.

 * More tests that are marked as "ref-files only" have been updated to
   improve test coverage of reftable backend.

 * Some parts of command line completion script (in contrib/) have
   been micro-optimized.

 * The way placeholders are to be marked-up in documentation have been
   specified; use "_<placeholder>_" to typeset the word inside a pair
   of <angle-brackets> emphasized.

 * "git --no-lazy-fetch cmd" allows to run "cmd" while \ 
disabling lazy
   fetching of objects from the promisor remote, which may be handy
   for debugging.

 * The implementation in "git clean" that makes "-n" and \ 
"-i" ignore
   clean.requireForce has been simplified, together with the
   documentation.

 * Uses of xwrite() helper have been audited and updated for better
   error checking and simpler code.

 * Some trace2 events that lacked def_param have learned to show it,
   enriching the output.

 * The parse-options code that deals with abbreviated long option
   names have been cleaned up.

 * The code in reftable backend that creates new table files works
   better with the tempfile framework to avoid leaving cruft after a
   failure.

 * The reftable code has its own custom binary search function whose
   comparison callback has an unusual interface, which caused the
   binary search to degenerate into a linear search, which has been
   corrected.

 * The code to iterate over reflogs in the reftable has been optimized
   to reduce memory allocation and deallocation.

 * Work to support a repository that work with both SHA-1 and SHA-256
   hash algorithms has started.

 * A new fuzz target that exercises config parsing code has been
   added.

 * Fix the way recently added tests interpolate variables defined
   outside them, and document the best practice to help future
   developers.

 * Introduce an experimental protocol for contributors to propose the
   topic description to be used in the "What's cooking" report, the
   merge commit message for the topic, and in the release notes and
   document it in the SubmittingPatches document.

 * The t/README file now gives a hint on running individual tests in
   the "t/" directory with "make t<num>-*.sh \ 
t<num>-*.sh".
   (merge 8d383806fc pb/test-scripts-are-build-targets later to maint).

 * The "hint:" messages given by the advice mechanism, when given a
   message with a blank line, left a line with trailing whitespace,
   which has been cleansed.

 * Documentation rules has been explicitly described how to mark-up
   literal parts and a few manual pages have been updated as examples.

 * The .editorconfig file has been taught that a Makefile uses HT
   indentation.

 * t-prio-queue test has been cleaned up by using C99 compound
   literals; this is meant to also serve as a weather-balloon to smoke
   out folks with compilers who have trouble compiling code that uses
   the feature.

 * Windows binary used to decide the use of unix-domain socket at
   build time, but it learned to make the decision at runtime instead.

 * The "shared repository" test in the t0610 reftable test failed
   under restrictive umask setting (e.g. 007), which has been
   corrected.

 * Document and apply workaround for a buggy version of dash that
   mishandles "local var=val" construct.

 * The codepaths that reach date_mode_from_type() have been updated to
   pass "struct date_mode" by value to make them thread safe.

 * The strategy to compact multiple tables of reftables after many
   operations accumulate many entries has been improved to avoid
   accumulating too many tables uncollected.

 * The code to iterate over reftable blocks has seen some optimization
   to reduce memory allocation and deallocation.

 * The way "git fast-import" handles paths described in its input has
   been tightened up and more clearly documented.

 * The cvsimport tests required that the platform understands
   traditional timezone notations like CST6CDT, which has been
   updated to work on those systems as long as they understand
   POSIX notation with explicit tz transition dates.

 * The code to format trailers have been cleaned up.

Fixes since v2.44
-----------------

 * "git apply" on a filesystem without filemode support have learned
   to take a hint from what is in the index for the path, even when
   not working with the "--index" or "--cached" option, when \ 
checking
   the executable bit match what is required by the preimage in the
   patch.
   (merge 45b625142d cp/apply-core-filemode later to maint).

 * "git column" has been taught to reject negative padding value, as
   it would lead to nonsense behaviour including division by zero.
   (merge 76fb807faa kh/column-reject-negative-padding later to maint).

 * "git am --help" now tells readers what actions are available in
   "git am --whitespace=<action>", in addition to saying that the
   option is passed through to the underlying "git apply".
   (merge a171dac734 jc/am-whitespace-doc later to maint).

 * "git tag --column" failed to check the exit status of its "git
   column" invocation, which has been corrected.
   (merge 92e66478fc rj/tag-column-fix later to maint).

 * Credential helper based on libsecret (in contrib/) has been updated
   to handle an empty password correctly.
   (merge 8f1f2023b7 mh/libsecret-empty-password-fix later to maint).

 * "git difftool --dir-diff" learned to honor the \ 
"--trust-exit-code"
   option; it used to always exit with 0 and signalled success.
   (merge eb84c8b6ce ps/difftool-dir-diff-exit-code later to maint).

 * The code incorrectly attempted to use textconv cache when asked,
   even when we are not running in a repository, which has been
   corrected.
   (merge affe355fe7 jk/textconv-cache-outside-repo-fix later to maint).

 * Remove an empty file that shouldn't have been added in the first
   place.
   (merge 4f66942215 js/remove-cruft-files later to maint).

 * The logic to access reflog entries by date and number had ugly
   corner cases at the boundaries, which have been cleaned up.
   (merge 5edd126720 jk/reflog-special-cases-fix later to maint).

 * An error message from "git upload-pack", which responds to "git
   fetch" requests, had a trailing NUL in it, which has been
   corrected.
   (merge 3f4c7a0805 sg/upload-pack-error-message-fix later to maint).

 * Clarify wording in the CodingGuidelines that requires <git-compat-util.h>
   to be the first header file.
   (merge 4e89f0e07c jc/doc-compat-util later to maint).

 * "git commit -v --cleanup=scissors" used to add the scissors line
   twice in the log message buffer, which has been corrected.
   (merge e90cc075cc jt/commit-redundant-scissors-fix later to maint).

 * A custom remote helper no longer cannot access the newly created
   repository during "git clone", which is a regression in Git 2.44.
   This has been corrected.
   (merge 199f44cb2e ps/remote-helper-repo-initialization-fix later to maint).

 * Various parts of upload-pack have been updated to bound the resource
   consumption relative to the size of the repository to protect from
   abusive clients.
   (merge 6cd05e768b jk/upload-pack-bounded-resources later to maint).

 * The upload-pack program, when talking over v2, accepted the
   packfile-uris protocol extension from the client, even if it did
   not advertise the capability, which has been corrected.
   (merge a922bfa3b5 jk/upload-pack-v2-capability-cleanup later to maint).

 * Make sure failure return from merge_bases_many() is properly caught.
   (merge 25fd20eb44 js/merge-base-with-missing-commit later to maint).

 * FSMonitor client code was confused when FSEvents were given in a
   different case on a case-insensitive filesystem, which has been
   corrected.
   (merge 29c139ce78 jh/fsmonitor-icase-corner-case-fix later to maint).

 * The "core.commentChar" configuration variable only allows an ASCII
   character, which was not clearly documented, which has been
   corrected.
   (merge fb7c556f58 kh/doc-commentchar-is-a-byte later to maint).

 * With release 2.44 we got rid of all uses of test_i18ngrep and there
   is no in-flight topic that adds a new use of it.  Make a call to
   test_i18ngrep a hard failure, so that we can remove it at the end
   of this release cycle.
   (merge 381a83dfa3 jc/test-i18ngrep later to maint).

 * The command line completion script (in contrib/) learned to
   complete "git reflog" better.
   (merge 1284f9cc11 rj/complete-reflog later to maint).

 * The logic to complete the command line arguments to "git worktree"
   subcommand (in contrib/) has been updated to correctly honor things
   like "git -C dir" etc.
   (merge 3574816d98 rj/complete-worktree-paths-fix later to maint).

 * When git refuses to create a branch because the proposed branch
   name is not a valid refname, an advice message is given to refer
   the user to exact naming rules.
   (merge 8fbd903e58 kh/branch-ref-syntax-advice later to maint).

 * Code simplification by getting rid of code that sets an environment
   variable that is no longer used.
   (merge 72a8d3f027 pw/rebase-i-ignore-cherry-pick-help-environment later to maint).

 * The code to find the effective end of log messages can fall into an
   endless loop, which has been corrected.
   (merge 2541cba2d6 fs/find-end-of-log-message-fix later to maint).

 * Mark-up used in the documentation has been improved for
   consistency.
   (merge 45d5ed3e50 ja/doc-markup-fixes later to maint).

 * The status.showUntrackedFiles configuration variable was
   incorrectly documented to accept "false", which has been corrected.

 * Leaks from "git restore" have been plugged.
   (merge 2f64da0790 rj/restore-plug-leaks later to maint).

 * "git bugreport --no-suffix" was not supported and instead
   segfaulted, which has been corrected.
   (merge b3b57c69da js/bugreport-no-suffix-fix later to maint).

 * The documentation for "%(trailers[:options])" placeholder in the
   "--pretty" option of commands in the "git log" family has been
   updated.
   (merge bff85a338c bl/doc-key-val-sep-fix later to maint).

 * "git checkout --conflict=bad" reported a bad conflictStyle as if it
   were given to a configuration variable; it has been corrected to
   report that the command line option is bad.
   (merge 5a99c1ac1a pw/checkout-conflict-errorfix later to maint).

 * Code clean-up in the "git log" machinery that implements custom log
   message formatting.
   (merge 1c10b8e5b0 jk/pretty-subject-cleanup later to maint).

 * "git config" corrupted literal HT characters written in the
   configuration file as part of a value, which has been corrected.
   (merge e6895c3f97 ds/config-internal-whitespace-fix later to maint).

 * A unit test for reftable code tried to enumerate all files in a
   directory after reftable operations and expected to see nothing but
   the files it wanted to leave there, but was fooled by .nfs* cruft
   files left, which has been corrected.
   (merge 0068aa7946 ps/reftable-unit-test-nfs-workaround later to maint).

 * The implementation and documentation of "object-format" option
   exchange between the Git itself and its remote helpers did not
   quite match, which has been corrected.

 * The "--pretty=<shortHand>" option of the commands in the \ 
"git log"
   family, defined as "[pretty] shortHand = <expansion>" should have
   been looked up case insensitively, but was not, which has been
   corrected.
   (merge f999d5188b bl/pretty-shorthand-config-fix later to maint).

 * "git apply" failed to extract the filename the patch applied to,
   when the change was about an empty file created in or deleted from
   a directory whose name ends with a SP, which has been corrected.
   (merge 776ffd1a30 jc/apply-parse-diff-git-header-names-fix later to maint).

 * Update a more recent tutorial doc.
   (merge 95ab557b4b dg/myfirstobjectwalk-updates later to maint).

 * The test script had an incomplete and ineffective attempt to avoid
   clobbering the testing user's real crontab (and its equivalents),
   which has been completed.
   (merge 73cb87773b es/test-cron-safety later to maint).

 * Use advice_if_enabled() API to rewrite a simple pattern to
   call advise() after checking advice_enabled().
   (merge 6412d01527 rj/use-adv-if-enabled later to maint).

 * Another "set -u" fix for the bash prompt (in contrib/) script.
   (merge d7805bc743 vs/complete-with-set-u-fix later to maint).

 * "git checkout/switch --detach foo", after switching to the detached
   HEAD state, gave the tracking information for the 'foo' branch,
   which was pointless.

 * "git apply" has been updated to lift the hardcoded pathname length
   limit, which in turn allowed a mksnpath() function that is no
   longer used.
   (merge 708f7e0590 rs/apply-lift-path-length-limit later to maint).

 * A file descriptor leak in an error codepath, used when "git apply
   --reject" fails to create the *.rej file, has been corrected.
   (merge 2b1f456adf rs/apply-reject-fd-leakfix later to maint).

 * A config parser callback function fell through instead of returning
   after recognising and processing a variable, wasting cycles, which
   has been corrected.
   (merge a816ccd642 ds/fetch-config-parse-microfix later to maint).

 * Fix was added to work around a regression in libcURL 8.7.0 (which has
   already been fixed in their tip of the tree).
   (merge 92a209bf24 jk/libcurl-8.7-regression-workaround later to maint).

 * The variable that holds the value read from the core.excludefile
   configuration variable used to leak, which has been corrected.
   (merge 0e0fefb29f jc/unleak-core-excludesfile later to maint).

 * vreportf(), which is used by error() and friends, has been taught
   to give the error message printf-format string when its vsnprintf()
   call fails, instead of showing nothing useful to identify the
   nature of the error.
   (merge c63adab961 rs/usage-fallback-to-show-message-format later to maint).

 * Adjust to an upcoming changes to GNU make that breaks our Makefiles.
   (merge 227b8fd902 tb/make-indent-conditional-with-non-spaces later to maint).

 * Git 2.44 introduced a regression that makes the updated code to
   barf in repositories with multi-pack index written by older
   versions of Git, which has been corrected.

 * When .git/rr-cache/ rerere database gets corrupted or rerere is fed to
   work on a file with conflicted hunks resolved incompletely, the rerere
   machinery got confused and segfaulted, which has been corrected.
   (merge 167395bb47 mr/rerere-crash-fix later to maint).

 * The "receive-pack" program (which responds to "git push") \ 
was not
   converted to run "git maintenance --auto" when other codepaths that
   used to run "git gc --auto" were updated, which has been corrected.
   (merge 7bf3057d9c ps/run-auto-maintenance-in-receive-pack later to maint).

 * Other code cleanup, docfix, build fix, etc.
   (merge f0e578c69c rs/use-xstrncmpz later to maint).
   (merge 83e6eb7d7a ba/credential-test-clean-fix later to maint).
   (merge 64562d784d jb/doc-interactive-singlekey-do-not-need-perl later to maint).
   (merge c431a235e2 cp/t9146-use-test-path-helpers later to maint).
   (merge 82d75402d5 ds/doc-send-email-capitalization later to maint).
   (merge 41bff66e35 jc/doc-add-placeholder-fix later to maint).
   (merge 6835f0efe9 jw/remote-doc-typofix later to maint).
   (merge 244001aa20 hs/rebase-not-in-progress later to maint).
   (merge 2ca6c07db2 jc/no-include-of-compat-util-from-headers later to maint).
   (merge 87bd7fbb9c rs/fetch-simplify-with-starts-with later to maint).
   (merge f39addd0d9 rs/name-rev-with-mempool later to maint).
   (merge 9a97b43e03 rs/submodule-prefix-simplify later to maint).
   (merge 40b8076462 ak/rebase-autosquash later to maint).
   (merge 3223204456 eg/add-uflags later to maint).
   (merge 5f78d52dce es/config-doc-sort-sections later to maint).
   (merge 781fb7b4c2 as/option-names-in-messages later to maint).
   (merge 51d41dc243 jk/doc-remote-helpers-markup-fix later to maint).
   (merge e1aaf309db pb/ci-win-artifact-names-fix later to maint).
   (merge ad538c61da jc/index-pack-fsck-levels later to maint).
   (merge 67471bc704 ja/doc-formatting-fix later to maint).
   (merge 86f9ce7dd6 bl/doc-config-fixes later to maint).
   (merge 0d527842b7 az/grep-group-error-message-update later to maint).
   (merge 7c43bdf07b rs/strbuf-expand-bad-format later to maint).
   (merge 8b68b48d5c ds/typofix-core-config-doc later to maint).
   (merge 39bb692152 rs/imap-send-use-xsnprintf later to maint).
   (merge 8d320cec60 jc/t2104-style-fixes later to maint).
   (merge b4454d5a7b pw/t3428-cleanup later to maint).
   (merge 84a7c33a4b pf/commitish-committish later to maint).
   (merge 8882ee9d68 la/mailmap-entry later to maint).
   (merge 44bdba2fa6 rs/no-openssl-compilation-fix-on-macos later to maint).
   (merge f412d72c19 yb/replay-doc-linkfix later to maint).
   (merge 5da40be8d7 xx/rfc2822-date-format-in-doc later to maint).

Log message:
git: updated to 2.44.0

Git v2.44 Release Notes
=======================

Backward Compatibility Notes

 * "git checkout -B <branch>" used to allow switching to a \ 
branch that
   is in use on another worktree, but this was by mistake.  The users
   need to use "--ignore-other-worktrees" option.

UI, Workflows & Features

 * "git add" and "git stash" learned to support the \ 
":(attr:...)"
   magic pathspec.

 * "git rebase --autosquash" is now enabled for non-interactive rebase,
   but it is still incompatible with the apply backend.

 * Introduce "git replay", a tool meant on the server side without
   working tree to recreate a history.

 * "git merge-file" learned to take the "--diff-algorithm" \ 
option to
   use algorithm different from the default "myers" diff.

 * Command line completion (in contrib/) learned to complete path
   arguments to the "add/set" subcommands of "git \ 
sparse-checkout"
   better.

 * "git checkout -B <branch> [<start-point>]" allowed a \ 
branch that is
   in use in another worktree to be updated and checked out, which
   might be a bit unexpected.  The rule has been tightened, which is a
   breaking change.  "--ignore-other-worktrees" option is required to
   unbreak you, if you are used to the current behaviour that "-B"
   overrides the safety.

 * The builtin_objectmode attribute is populated for each path
   without adding anything in .gitattributes files, which would be
   useful in magic pathspec, e.g., ":(attr:builtin_objectmode=100755)"
   to limit to executables.

 * "git fetch" learned to pay attention to "fetch.all" \ 
configuration
   variable, which pretends as if "--all" was passed from the command
   line when no remote parameter was given.

 * In addition to (rather cryptic) Security Identifiers, show username
   and domain in the error message when we barf on mismatch between
   the Git directory and the current user on Windows.

 * The error message given when "git branch -d branch" fails due to
   commits unique to the branch has been split into an error and a new
   conditional advice message.

 * When given an existing but unreadable file as a configuration file,
   gitweb behaved as if the file did not exist at all, but now it
   errors out.  This is a change that may break backward compatibility.

 * When $HOME/.gitconfig is missing but XDG config file is available, we
   should write into the latter, not former.  "git gc" and "git
   maintenance" wrote into a wrong "global config" file, which have
   been corrected.

 * Define "special ref" as a very narrow set that consists of
   FETCH_HEAD and MERGE_HEAD, and clarify everything else that used to
   be classified as such are actually just pseudorefs.

 * All conditional "advice" messages show how to turn them off, which
   becomes repetitive.  Setting advice.* configuration explicitly on
   now omits the instruction part.

 * The "disable repository discovery of a bare repository" check,
   triggered by setting safe.bareRepository configuration variable to
   'explicit', has been loosened to exclude the ".git/" directory inside
   a non-bare repository from the check.  So you can do "cd .git &&
   git cmd" to run a Git command that works on a bare repository without
   explicitly specifying $GIT_DIR now.

 * The completion script (in contrib/) learned more options that can
   be used with "git log".

 * The labels on conflict markers for the common ancestor, our version,
   and the other version are available to custom 3-way merge driver
   via %S, %X, and %Y placeholders.

 * The write codepath for the reftable data learned to honor
   core.fsync configuration.

 * The "--fsck-objects" option of "git index-pack" now can \ 
take the
   optional parameter to tweak severity of different fsck errors.

 * The wincred credential backend has been taught to support oauth
   refresh token the same way as credential-cache and
   credential-libsecret backends.

 * Command line completion support (in contrib/) has been
   updated for "git bisect".

 * "git branch" and friends learned to use the formatted text as
   sorting key, not the underlying timestamp value, when the --sort
   option is used with author or committer timestamp with a format
   specifier (e.g., "--sort=creatordate:format:%H:%M:%S").

 * The command line completion script (in contrib/) learned to
   complete configuration variable names better.

Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.

 * Process to add some form of low-level unit tests has started.

 * Add support for GitLab CI.

 * "git for-each-ref --no-sort" still sorted the refs alphabetically
   which paid non-trivial cost.  It has been redefined to show output
   in an unspecified order, to allow certain optimizations to take
   advantage of.

 * Simplify API implementation to delete references by eliminating
   duplication.

 * Subject approxidate() and show_date() machinery to OSS-Fuzz.

 * A new helper to let us pretend that we called lstat() when we know
   our cache_entry is up-to-date via fsmonitor.

 * The optimization based on fsmonitor in the "diff --cached"
   codepath is resurrected with the "fake-lstat" introduced earlier.

 * Test balloon to use C99 "bool" type from <stdbool.h> has been
   added.

 * "git clone" has been prepared to allow cloning a repository with
   non-default hash function into a repository that uses the reftable
   backend.

 * Streaming spans of packfile data used to be done only from a
   single, primary, pack in a repository with multiple packfiles.  It
   has been extended to allow reuse from other packfiles, too.

 * Comment updates to help developers not to attempt to modify
   messages from plumbing commands that must stay constant.

   It might make sense to reassess the plumbing needs every few years,
   but that should be done as a separate effort.

 * Move test-ctype helper to the unit-test framework.

 * Instead of manually creating refs/ hierarchy on disk upon a
   creation of a secondary worktree, which is only usable via the
   files backend, use the refs API to populate it.

 * CI for GitLab learned to drive macOS jobs.

 * A few tests to "git commit -o <pathspec>" and "git commit -i
   <pathspec>" has been added.

 * Tests on ref API are moved around to prepare for reftable.

 * The Makefile often had to say "-L$(path) -R$(path)" that repeats
   the path to the same library directory for link time and runtime.
   A Makefile template is used to reduce such repetition.

 * The priority queue test has been migrated to the unit testing
   framework.

 * Setting `feature.experimental` opts the user into multi-pack reuse
   experiment

 * Squelch node.js 16 deprecation warnings from GitHub Actions CI
   by updating actions/github-script and actions/checkout that use
   node.js 20.

 * The mechanism to report the filename in the source code, used by
   the unit-test machinery, assumed that the compiler expanded __FILE__
   to the path to the source given to the $(CC), but some compilers
   give full path, breaking the output.  This has been corrected.

Fixes since v2.43
-----------------

 * The way CI testing used "prove" could lead to running the test
   suite twice needlessly, which has been corrected.

 * Update ref-related tests.

 * "git format-patch --encode-email-headers" ignored the option when
   preparing the cover letter, which has been corrected.

 * Newer versions of Getopt::Long started giving warnings against our
   (ab)use of it in "git send-email".  Bump the minimum version
   requirement for Perl to 5.8.1 (from September 2002) to allow
   simplifying our implementation.

 * Earlier we stopped relying on commit-graph that (still) records
   information about commits that are lost from the object store,
   which has negative performance implications.  The default has been
   flipped to disable this pessimization.

 * Stale URLs have been updated to their current counterparts (or
   archive.org) and HTTP links are replaced with working HTTPS links.

 * trace2 streams used to record the URLs that potentially embed
   authentication material, which has been corrected.

 * The sample pre-commit hook that tries to catch introduction of new
   paths that use potentially non-portable characters did not notice
   an existing path getting renamed to such a problematic path, when
   rename detection was enabled.

 * The command line parser for the "log" family of commands was too
   loose when parsing certain numbers, e.g., silently ignoring the
   extra 'q' in "git log -n 1q" without complaining, which has been
   tightened up.

 * "git $cmd --end-of-options --rev -- --path" for some $cmd failed
   to interpret "--rev" as a rev, and "--path" as a path.  \ 
This was
   fixed for many programs like "reset" and "checkout".

 * "git bisect reset" has been taught to clean up state files and refs
   even when BISECT_START file is gone.

 * Some codepaths did not correctly parse configuration variables
   specified with valueless "true", which has been corrected.

 * Code clean-up for sanity checking of command line options for "git
   show-ref".

 * The code to parse the From e-mail header has been updated to avoid
   recursion.

 * "git fetch --atomic" issued an unnecessary empty error message,
   which has been corrected.

 * Command line completion script (in contrib/) learned to work better
   with the reftable backend.

 * "git status" is taught to show both the branch being bisected and
   being rebased when both are in effect at the same time.

 * "git archive --list extra garbage" silently ignored excess command
   line parameters, which has been corrected.

 * "git sparse-checkout set" added default patterns even when the
   patterns are being fed from the standard input, which has been
   corrected.

 * "git sparse-checkout (add|set) --[no-]cone --end-of-options" did
   not handle "--end-of-options" correctly after a recent update.

 * Unlike other environment variables that took the usual
   true/false/yes/no as well as 0/1, GIT_FLUSH only understood 0/1,
   which has been corrected.

 * Clearing in-core repository (happens during e.g., "git fetch
   --recurse-submodules" with commit graph enabled) made in-core
   commit object in an inconsistent state by discarding the necessary
   data from commit-graph too early, which has been corrected.

 * Update to a new feature recently added, "git show-ref --exists".

 * oss-fuzz tests are built and run in CI.
   (merge c4a9cf1df3 js/oss-fuzz-build-in-ci later to maint).

 * Rename detection logic ignored the final line of a file if it is an
   incomplete line.

 * GitHub CI update.
   (merge 0188b2c8e0 pb/ci-github-skip-logs-for-broken-tests later to maint).

 * "git diff --no-rename A B" did not disable rename detection but did
   not trigger an error from the command line parser.

 * "git archive --remote=<remote>" learned to talk over the smart
   http (aka stateless) transport.
   (merge 176cd68634 jx/remote-archive-over-smart-http later to maint).

 * Fetching via protocol v0 over Smart HTTP transport sometimes failed
   to correctly auto-follow tags.
   (merge fba732c462 jk/fetch-auto-tag-following-fix later to maint).

 * The documentation for the --exclude-per-directory option marked it
   as deprecated, which confused readers into thinking there may be a
   plan to remove it in the future, which was not our intention.
   (merge 0009542cab jc/ls-files-doc-update later to maint).

 * "git diff --no-index file1 file2" segfaulted while invoking the
   external diff driver, which has been corrected.

 * Rewrite //-comments to /* comments */ in files whose comments
   prevalently use the latter.

 * Cirrus CI jobs started breaking because we specified version of
   FreeBSD that is no longer available, which has been corrected.
   (merge 81fffb66d3 cb/use-freebsd-13-2-at-cirrus-ci later to maint).

 * A caller called index_file_exists() that takes a string expressed
   as <ptr, length> with a wrong length, which has been corrected.
   (merge 156e28b36d jh/sparse-index-expand-to-path-fix later to maint).

 * A failed "git tag -s" did not necessarily result in an error
   depending on the crypto backend, which has been corrected.

 * "git stash" sometimes was silent even when it failed due to
   unwritable index file, which has been corrected.

 * "git show-ref --verify" did not show things like \ 
"CHERRY_PICK_HEAD",
   which has been corrected.

 * Recent conversion to allow more than 0/1 in GIT_FLUSH broke the
   mechanism by flipping what yes/no means by mistake, which has been
   corrected.

 * The sequencer machinery does not use the ref API and instead
   records names of certain objects it needs for its correct operation
   in temporary files, which makes these objects susceptible to loss
   by garbage collection.  These temporary files have been added as
   starting points for reachability analysis to fix this.
   (merge bc7f5db896 pw/gc-during-rebase later to maint).

 * "git cherry-pick" invoked during "git rebase -i" session lost
   the authorship information, which has been corrected.
   (merge e4301f73ff vn/rebase-with-cherry-pick-authorship later to maint).

 * The code paths that call repo_read_object_file() have been
   tightened to react to errors.
   (merge 568459bf5e js/check-null-from-read-object-file later to maint).

 * Other code cleanup, docfix, build fix, etc.
   (merge 5aea3955bc rj/clarify-branch-doc-m later to maint).
   (merge 9cce3be2df bk/bisect-doc-fix later to maint).
   (merge 8430b438f6 vd/fsck-submodule-url-test later to maint).
   (merge 3cb4384683 jc/t0091-with-unknown-git later to maint).
   (merge 020456cb74 rs/receive-pack-remove-find-header later to maint).
   (merge bc47139f4f la/trailer-cleanups later to maint).

Log message:
git: updated to 2.43.2

Git 2.43.2 Release Notes
========================

Relative to Git 2.43.1, this release has two important fixes to allow
"git imap-send" to be built with NO_CURL defined, and to restore the
forced flushing behaviour when GIT_FLUSH=1 is set.  It also contains
other, unexciting, fixes that have already been merged to the 'master'
branch of the development towards the next major release.

Fixes since Git 2.43.1
----------------------

 * Update to a new feature recently added, "git show-ref --exists".

 * Rename detection logic ignored the final line of a file if it is an
   incomplete line.

 * "git diff --no-rename A B" did not disable rename detection but did
   not trigger an error from the command line parser.

 * "git diff --no-index file1 file2" segfaulted while invoking the
   external diff driver, which has been corrected.

 * Rewrite //-comments to /* comments */ in files whose comments
   prevalently use the latter.

 * A failed "git tag -s" did not necessarily result in an error
   depending on the crypto backend, which has been corrected.

 * "git stash" sometimes was silent even when it failed due to
   unwritable index file, which has been corrected.

 * Recent conversion to allow more than 0/1 in GIT_FLUSH broke the
   mechanism by flipping what yes/no means by mistake, which has been
   corrected.

Also contains documentation updates, code clean-ups and minor fixups.